Headless vs Headed Browsers in Playwright

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Headless vs Headed Browsers in Playwright

🔹 What is Playwright?

Playwright is a modern automation testing framework developed by Microsoft. It supports cross-browser testing (Chrome, Firefox, WebKit, Edge) and allows testers to run tests in both headed and headless modes.

🔹 1. Headless Browsers

A headless browser runs without a graphical user interface (GUI). In simple terms, the browser works in the background — you won’t see it open on your screen.

✅ Advantages:

Faster test execution (no UI rendering).

Uses fewer system resources.

Ideal for Continuous Integration (CI/CD) pipelines.

Can run multiple tests in parallel efficiently.

❌ Limitations:

You can’t visually observe the test steps.

Debugging can be harder since no live UI is shown.

👉 Use Case: Best for automation suites, regression testing, and CI/CD pipelines where speed matters.

🔹 2. Headed Browsers

A headed browser runs with a visible UI — meaning you see the browser open, load the website, click buttons, and type text like a real user.

✅ Advantages:

Easier debugging (you can watch tests running live).

Great for learning and training beginners.

Helps validate UI-related issues like design, responsiveness, and visual flows.

❌ Limitations:

Slower than headless mode (due to rendering the UI).

Consumes more system resources.

Read more:

Testing Links and Navigation

Automating Form Submission

Simulating Keyboard Events

What browsers does Playwright support?

Page Assertions Using Playwright

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